In psychology, understanding how individuals grow and develop across their lifespan is an important topic. Developmental psychology explores how people change in terms of their thinking, emotions, behavior, and personality from childhood to adulthood. Different psychological theories attempt to explain how these changes happen and how early experiences can influence a person’s development and personality.

One of the main theories discussed in class was Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. Freud believed that personality is dynamic, meaning it is constantly influenced by internal psychological forces and experiences. His approach, known as psychoanalysis, focuses on the role of unconscious thoughts, emotions, and conflicts in shaping human behavior. In this dynamic approach, personality functions like psychological energy, where internal tensions and desires can transform into emotions such as anxiety or conflict.

According to Freud, personality is composed of three main structures: the id, ego, and superego. The id represents instinctual desires and seeks immediate gratification. The ego acts as the rational part that balances the desires of the id with reality. Meanwhile, the superego represents moral standards and social rules that guide behavior, the interaction between these three components influences how individuals think, feel, and behave.

This topic was observed during a sit-in session of a Developmental Psychology class. During the lecture, the lecturer explained the key concepts of developmental theories and Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective using presentation slides and examples. Students listened attentively and followed the explanation while taking notes.

After the explanation, students presented their analysis by applying the theory to fictional characters. They examined how the id, ego, and superego could be identified through the character’s motivations, behaviors, and internal conflict. Some analysis included Andrew from Whiplash and Arthur Fleck (Joker) from Joker, where students explore how personality dynamics and environmental experiences might influence their psychological development. Through this activity, students were able to connect theoretical concepts with character analysis and better understand how developmental psychology theories can be applied in different contexts.

 

Written by: Athaya Arysa Sidharta

Edited by : Andrea Prita Purnama Ratri & Privianda Azahra